#Jing xu dds skin
Based on this information, the development of new technologies to accelerate the healing process and improve the treatment of these injuries in an easy, painless way and restore skin integrity are highly encouraged. Furthermore, the ideal dressing must provide protection from mechanical, chemical, and biological attacks (infections and microorganisms) allow permeability of water and oxygen controlling wound moisture as well as removing excess exudate be biocompatible, non-toxic, and biodegradable and still be provided at an acceptable cost. To facilitate and promote the wound healing process, it is necessary to select appropriate dressings according to the wound site, type, and size. However, the current protocols of intervention do not minimize this unpleasant situation, and often they are only moderately effective.Ī strategy to improve wound healing is the use of new forms of dressings, better than conventional ones, which aim to double the healing rate. Patients with diabetes, genetic disorders, advanced age, and also those showing skin burn injuries and skin cancer are prone to alterations in the normal wound healing process which can lead to long-term sequelae. Many of the problems caused by some type of injury, especially in chronic wounds, occur during the treatment of the injury either by poor care and/or inadequate procedure, which limits the correct repair of the wound and the restoration of tissue integrity. The normal wound healing process involves four synchronous stages, such as hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The repair of wounds is carried out through continuous and coordinated processes. The morbidity associated with delayed wound healing imposes an enormous impact on health, both psychologically and economically.
Wounds healing treatment are associated with major economic burdens and to the society, comprising direct costs (medical and health care) and indirect costs (productivity losses, sick leave, and early retirement). Globally, the advanced wound care market could reach $18.7 billion by 2027, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 6.6% (2020–2027).
This makes it one of the most vulnerable tissue and highly susceptible to injury. It is the first defense of the organism against external aggressors, which protects internal tissues from mechanical aggression, ultraviolet radiation, high temperatures, and infections. Taking into account the surface area, the skin is the largest organ in the human body. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of different types of 3D printing techniques, as well as its use in wound healing and its different stages, including the advantages and limitations of additive manufacturing and future perspectives. The use of natural or synthetic polymers, and the correct design of these printed products loaded with cells and/or combined with active compounds, can generate an effective system for the treatment of wounds, improving the healing process and generating customized dressings according to the patient needs. For this reason, in the last decades, different materials for drug delivery and for the treatment of wounds have been proposed reaching novel level of standards, such as 3D printing techniques. Traditional dressings do not meet the complexities of ideal treatment in all types of wounds. Any error in this process results in abnormal wound healing, generating financial burdens for health systems and even affecting the physical and mental health of the patient.
Wound healing is a dynamic process which involves stages of hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodeling.
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